Osmotic drug delivery uses the osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of drugs by using osmogens for upto 10 16 hrs. Pdf osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the ph and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. Only the magnitude and the duration of delivery change. An infusion pump infuses fluids, medication or nutrients into a patients circulatory system.
Osmoticcontrolled release oral delivery system wikipedia. Alzet pumps are not compatible with aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as heptane, toluene, and natural oils. Maximize therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. We chose the alzet model 1004 minipumps with a 100.
Osmotic pumps continuously deliver compounds at a constant rate into small animals. This document is intended to serve as a guide to help standardize the procedure by which an. This allows the asos to be continuously infused into the cns for a designated period of time. Alzet pumps operate because of an osmotic pressure dif ference between a. Osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified release dosage form. After a 2week recovery period 16 weeks of age, the mice were divided into 4 groups. The first uses alzet osmotic pumps, connected to a catheter that is surgically implanted into the lateral ventricle. Through continuous infusion, these pumps maintain a welldefined, consistent pattern of drug exposure throughout the duration of the experiment.
As the tablet passes through the body, water is absorbed through the semipermeable membrane via osmosis, and the resulting osmotic pressure is used to push the. Open only the number of pumps and flow regulators needed for the study, as these cannot be stored once opened. Alzet pumps have been exposed to a sterilizing dose of radiation from a 60co source. Alzet pumps operate because of an osmotic pressure difference between a compartment within the pump, called the salt sleeve, and the tissue environment in which the pump is implanted. Osmotic micropumps for drug delivery are applied to a broad. This article introduces a standard protocol used to induce aortic aneurysms via subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin ii angii from implanted osmotic pumps. The nominal performance is a target for all pumps manufactured. The pumps functionthrough an osmotic gradient between the pump and the tissue where the pump is implanted. Keywords alzet osmotic pump, poorly soluble compounds, solubilization. Microosmotic pumps for continuous release of the tyrosine. Incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms induced by angii infusion via osmotic pumps is 5 10 times lower in female hypercholesterolemic mice and also lower in both genders of normocholesterolemic mice. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. By varying the concentration of the active agent in the dispersion, the amounts delivered can be varied at a constant temperature amkraut et al. Alzet pumps are available in a variety of sizes, durations and flow rates to meet a wide range of research needs.
Durect corporation alzet osmotic no 1004 pump alzet. The alzet osmotic pumps 49 were developed in the seventies. While the pumping rate of each model is fixed at manufacture, the dose of agent delivered can be adjusted by varying the concentration. Osmotic pumps of different sizes and drug duration are available for purchase from alzet. Alzet osmotic pumps implantable infusion pumps for. Mouse procedures\ osmotic pumps saha cardiovascular. Principle of operation a schenlatic diagram of the illost general form of an osmotic pump is given in fig. Development and evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic. Subcutaneous angiotensin ii infusion using osmotic pumps.
Tocris bioscience, bristol, uk was continuously injected by the osmotic pump alzet brain infusion kits3, alzet osmotic pump model 1004. Alzet pumps are small, implantable devices for continuous dosing of unrestrained lab animals. If a pump instruction and specification sheet durect corporation manufactures a miniature implantable pump for use in laboratory animals. Contact with such substances can result in a pump malfunction. This procedure describes how to implant alzet osmotic minipumps. Osmotic micropumps require no electrical energy and consequently enable drug delivery systems of smallest size for. Pdf osmotic micropumps for drug delivery researchgate. Implantation of osmotic pumps in rodents university of.
Solvent and agent compatibility with alzet osmotic pumps bases, dilute or low concentrations of dmso and alcohol, and up to 100% propylene and polyethylene glycol. Preparation and implantation alzet osmotic pumps sop9 osmotic pumps manufactured by alza corporation palo alto, ca are designed for constant rate delivery of test solutions over a. Use the forceps to open the space under the skin in the back of the animal where the pump will be implanted. Isoproterenol concentration varies depending on the body. When it begins pumping, the constant action of the alzet pump pushes saline into one end of the catheter tubing, sequentially displacing the series of drug infusion and spacer substances from the opposite end. The active drug, prepared in a homogeneous solution, stable suspension, or emulsion, is contained in the drug reservoir of volume 1 d, and a delivery orifice. They offer a simple, convenient and reliable alternative to repetitive videos in alzet osmotic pumps on vimeo. This video describes the inner parts of an alzet pump and how they operate to enable continuous delivery of. Durect, cupertino, ca, which was placed in a subcutaneous pocket on the back. Alzet surgical implantation procedures video on vimeo. Elementary osmotic pump delivers 6080% of its contents at a constant rate, and there is a short lag time of 3060 min as the system hydrates before zero order delivery from the elementary osmotic pump is obtained. Osmotic pump of this form are available under trade name alzet. Rose nelson pump the first osmotic pump developed in 1955 for the delivery of drugs to the sheep and cattle gut composed of three chambers water to be loaded prior to use was the drawbacks of rose nelson osmotic pump water chamber rigid semi permeable membrane elastic diaphragm delivery orifice drug chambersalt chamber 15. Implantation of miniosmotic pumps and delivery of tract.
Alzet osmotic pumps are miniature, implantable pumps used for research in mice, rats, and other laboratory animals. Alzet pumps may also be connected to a catheter to deliver the pump contents directly into the venous or arterial systems, the brain, or into any organ or tissue. Evaluatio of an osmotic pump for microdialysis sampling in. Alzet pumps can also be used for targeted delivery, where the effects of a drug or test agent are localized in a particular tissue or organ, by means of a catheter. The alzet osmotic pump model 2ml2 delivers solutions continuously for 14 days without. Durect corporation alzet osmotic pump model 1002 manufacturer. Osmotic drug delivery has come a long way since australian physiologists rose and nelson developed an implantable pump in 1955. The osmotic controlled release oral delivery system oros is an advanced controlled release oral drug delivery system in the form of a rigid tablet with a semipermeable outer membrane and one or more small laser drilled holes in it. Theoretically, if one can reverse the collabing of the reservoir for instance by. Individual lots of pumps may vary from this target within limits. Osmotic pumps are miniature, infusion pumps which provide researchers with a safe method to deliver agent in vivo. Osmotic pump implantation in mice and rats ucsf iacuc. Demonstrated procedures include subcutaneous and interperitoneal implantation, and the use of a catheter for intravenous jugular, intrathecal, intragastric, and cranialcerebral infusion.
Has anyone had experience with reusing an alzet osmotic minipump. Impact of central and peripheral estrogen treatment on. Investigational longacting hiv product durect corporation. Convenient and reliable alternative to frequent injections.
Osmotic pumps can be used for systemic administration. Introduce the pump into the back of the animal leaving the catheter and cannula outside figure 2b. Osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified release. Catheter tubing catheters premade needles port plugs tubing connectors stopcocks stylets injection ports osmotic pumps. In contrast, angiiinduced thoracic aortic aneurysms in mice are not hypercholesterolemia or genderdependent. We recommend use of the smallest size pump allowable for the solubility of the agent and experimental duration. Alzet pumps are drug discovery tools that offer researchers enhanced control over test compound levels in plasma and tissues.
This video shows the parts of the pump and describes how the pump operates to enable continuous delivery osmotic pump mechanism on vimeo. Alzet microosmotic pump model 1004 performance of a pump if they accumulate on its surface. Development and evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic pump for nifedipine and metoprolol combination rajagopal kumaravelrajan, 1 nallaperumal narayanan, 2 and venkatesan suba 3 1 department of pharmaceutics, c. Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semipermeable membrane. Also the flow moderator is inserted into the body of. Osmotic minipumps animal considerations osmotic minipumps can be implanted subcutaneously or intraperitoneally in rodents following the guidelines in table 5. A series of sampling frequencies starting with 90 min and decreasing to 10 min using an osmotic pump same type, alzet 2ml1. Pdf implantation of osmotic pumps to deliver angii find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Osmotic pumps are miniature, infusion pumps which provide researchers with a safe.
Empty reservoir within the core of the pump is filled with the drug or hormone solution to be delivered and is surrounded by salt chamber with impermeable layer between them it is an implantable osmotic pumps for laboratory animal the pump are used to deliver homogenous solution or suspension continuously at a. Durect corporation alzet osmotic pump model 1002 alzet. Alzet pumps deliver by the process of osmotic displacement. It is generally used intravenously, although subcutaneous, arterial and epidural infusions are occasionally used infusion pumps can administer fluids in ways that would be impractically expensive or unreliable if performed manually by nursing staff. When it begins pumping, the constant action of the alzet pump pushes saline into one end of the catheter tubing, sequentially displacing the series of drug. Isoproterenolinduced heart failure mouse model using. These infusion pumps continuously deliver drugs, hormones, and other test agents at controlled rates from one day to six weeks without the need for external connec. L reservoir to administer isoproterenol over 3 weeks. Implantable mini osmotic pump implantable mini osmotic pump is made up of three concentric layers, drug reservoir, the osmotic sleeves and the rate controlling semipermiable membrane. Osmotic pumps are most promising systems for controlled drug delivery. If more than one osmotic pumpanimal will be implanted this must be.
Alzet pumps have been used to target delivery to a wide variety of sites including the spinal cord, spleen, liver, organ or tissue transplants, and wound. Osmotic pumps are miniature infusion pumps for the continuous dosing of laboratory animals. Natural oils from your hands may damage the exterior of the. The pump will remain in this position until it is removed and does not need any kind of fixation. Save time by eliminating the need for frequent animal handling.
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